{"id":19889,"date":"2024-09-20T13:27:42","date_gmt":"2024-09-20T18:27:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bolttech.io\/insights\/%e7%96%ab%e6%83%85%e4%bf%9d%e9%9a%9c%e5%92%8c%e8%b2%a1%e7%94%a2%e5%92%8c%e6%84%8f%e5%a4%96%e9%9a%aa%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e4%be%86\/"},"modified":"2024-09-20T13:27:43","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T18:27:43","slug":"%e7%96%ab%e6%83%85%e4%bf%9d%e9%9a%9c%e5%92%8c%e8%b2%a1%e7%94%a2%e5%92%8c%e6%84%8f%e5%a4%96%e9%9a%aa%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e4%be%86","status":"publish","type":"insight","link":"https:\/\/bolttech.io\/zh-hant\/insights\/%e7%96%ab%e6%83%85%e4%bf%9d%e9%9a%9c%e5%92%8c%e8%b2%a1%e7%94%a2%e5%92%8c%e6%84%8f%e5%a4%96%e9%9a%aa%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e4%be%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u75ab\u60c5\u4fdd\u969c\u548c\u8ca1\u7522\u548c\u610f\u5916\u96aa\u7684\u672a\u4f86"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u7d66\u8ca1\u7522\u548c\u610f\u5916\u50b7\u5bb3\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u53ca\u5176\u5ba2\u6236\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u554f\u984c\u3002\n\u4f01\u696d\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u5411\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u5c0b\u6c42\u8aac\u660e\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u4fdd\u96aa\u7f3a\u53e3\u3001\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u554f\u984c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

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COVID-19 \u51f8\u986f\u4e86\u8986\u84cb\u5dee\u8ddd<\/h2>\n\n

\u96a8\u8457 COVID-19 \u5c0e\u81f4\u7f8e\u570b\u5404\u5730\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u95dc\u9589\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4f01\u696d\u5411\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\u548c\u610f\u5916\u50b7\u5bb3\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u5c0b\u6c42\u8aac\u660e\u3002\n\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u6642\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u53ca\u5176\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4fdd\u55ae\u7684\u627f\u4fdd\u65b9\u5f0f\u660e\u78ba\u5c07COVID-19\u6392\u9664\u5728\u627f\u4fdd\u7bc4\u570d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u696d\u52d9\u4e2d\u65b7\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5546\u696d\u4fdd\u55ae\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u4e2d\u65b7\u4fdd\u96aa\u9700\u8981\u767c\u751f\u67d0\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u640d\u58de\u624d\u80fd\u9644\u52a0\u4fdd\u96aa\u3002\n\u96d6\u7136 COVID-19 \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u611f\u67d3\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u75c5\u6bd2\u96a8\u5f8c\u6703\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u5c0d\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u6216\u5176\u5167\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\u9020\u6210\u7269\u7406\u640d\u5bb3\u3002\n\u8a72\u75c5\u6bd2\u78ba\u5be6\u4e2d\u65b7\u4e86\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u904b\u71df\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5\u5c0d\u4f01\u696d\u8ca1\u7522\u9020\u6210\u6301\u4e45\u7269\u7406\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u4f01\u696d\u53ca\u5176\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u4e0d\u61c9\u53d7\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u8cac\u3002\n\u201c\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u8b00\u8c41\u514d\u4fdd\u96aa\u6216\u88ab\u4fdd\u96aa\u4eba\u5ffd\u8996\u4e86\u5b83;\u6839\u64da\u75ab\u60c5\u7206\u767c\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u548c\u5ee3\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u96bb\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u751f\u754f\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u300c\u5efa\u7bc9\u548c\u4fdd\u96aa\u79d1\u6280\u9867\u554f Patrick Kelahan<\/a> \u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u985e\u7d22\u8ce0\u5f97\u5230\u627f\u4fdd\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6b64\u985e\u7d22\u8ce0\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u904e 1 \u842c\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5141\u8a31\u7121\u5f62\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u640d\u5bb3\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u75c5\u6bd2\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u65b9\u9762\u7559\u4e0b\u7a7a\u767d\u3002\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 2002-2003 \u5e74 SARS \u6d41\u884c\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4fdd\u55ae\u88ab\u91cd\u5beb\uff0c\u4ee5\u660e\u78ba\u6392\u9664\u75c5\u6bd2\u6216\u7d30\u83cc\u6216\u5169\u8005\u7684\u627f\u4fdd\u7bc4\u570d\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u96d6\u7136\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ca1\u7522\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u70ba\u75c5\u6bd2\u6216\u7d30\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u63d0\u4f9b\u80cc\u66f8\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u64da Lawrence A. Wilkinson<\/a> \u548c S&P Global \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8ca2\u737b\u8005\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4f01\u696d\u5728\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u524d\u9078\u64c7\u6295\u8cc7\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u3002\n\u7576 COVID-19 \u4f86\u8972\u6642\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4f01\u696d\u6c92\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\u5011\u89e3\u6c7a\u8207\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u640d\u5931\u7684\u4fdd\u96aa\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

\u95dc\u65bc COVID-19 \u627f\u4fdd\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u672a\u89e3\u7b54\u554f\u984c<\/h2>\n\n

\u4fdd\u96aa\u7bc4\u570d\u554f\u984c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5834\u6240\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a5f\u69cb\u548c\u6cd5\u9662\u3002\n\u8207\u6709\u95dc\u4fdd\u55ae\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u554f\u984c\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u696d\u52d9\u4e2d\u65b7\u548c COVID-19 \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u627f\u4fdd\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u7d93\u5e38\u5c0e\u81f4\u96d9\u65b9\u4e0a\u6cd5\u5ead\u3002\n\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a5f\u69cb\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f97\u51fa\u76f8\u4e92\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u8ad6\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u591a\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u6cd5\u9662\u7684 COVID-19 \u4fdd\u96aa\u6848\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n

\u4ee5 COVID-19 \u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4fdd\u96aa\u7bc4\u570d\u722d\u8b70\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5dde\u548c\u806f\u90a6\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u9810\u8a08\u9084\u6703\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u6848\u4ef6\u63d0\u8d77\u3002\n\u8a31\u591a\u6b64\u985e\u6848\u4ef6\u6d89\u53ca\u696d\u52d9\u4e2d\u65b7\u4fdd\u96aa\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u6216\u7d30\u83cc\u7684\u6392\u9664\u689d\u6b3e\uff0c\u6216\u5169\u8005\u517c\u800c\u6709\u4e4b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u52dd\u8a34\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7d22\u8ce0\u3002\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c2020 \u5e74 7 \u6708\uff0c\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5dde\u521d\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662 \u88c1\u5b9a<\/a> \u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5dde\u4e00\u5bb6\u9910\u5ef3\u7684\u71df\u696d\u4e2d\u65b7\u4fdd\u96aa\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8a72\u7269\u696d\u5fc5\u9808\u53d7\u5230\u5207\u5be6\u5f71\u97ff\u624d\u80fd\u89f8\u767c\u4fdd\u96aa\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f COVID-19 \u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6709\u5f62\u640d\u5bb3\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9910\u5ef3\u7684\u4fdd\u96aa\u55ae\u4e0d\u6703\u6db5\u84cb\u9910\u5ef3\u7684\u7d22\u8ce0\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8a72\u4fdd\u55ae\u5305\u542b\u6392\u9664\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n\n

\u8a72\u6848\uff0cGavrilides Management Co. et al. v. Michigan Insurance Co.\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u500b\u6d89\u53ca\u696d\u52d9\u4e2d\u65b7\u4fdd\u96aa\u548c\u75c5\u6bd2\u6392\u9664\u7684 \u806f\u90a6\u6848\u4ef6<\/a> \u4e2d\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u3002\n\u4f5b\u7f85\u91cc\u9054\u5dde\u548c\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5dde\u7684\u6cd5\u9662\u4e5f\u5728\u985e\u4f3c\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u88c1\u6c7a\uff0c\u5546\u696d\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u7684 Gavin Souter<\/a> \u5beb\u9053\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u6b64\u985e\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u88c1\u6c7a\u90fd\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u5728 Studio 417\uff0c Inc. et al. v.\u5bc6\u8607\u91cc\u5dde\u897f\u5340\u806f\u90a6\u5730\u5340\u6cd5\u9662\u6cd5\u5b98 Cincinnati Ins. Comp. \u62d2\u7d55\u4e86\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u99c1\u56de\u52d5\u8b70\u3002\u6cd5\u9662\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cCOVID-19 \u5be6\u969b\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u7f8e\u9aee\u6c99\u9f8d Studio 417 \u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5176\u5be6\u969b\u5b58\u5728\u64fe\u4e82\u4e86\u6c99\u9f8d\u7684\u71df\u696d\uff0c\u70ba\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u9032\u884c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u4f9d\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n\n

\u201c\u6cd5\u9662\u63a8\u65b7\uff0c\u4fdd\u96aa\u89f8\u767c\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u6709\u5f62\u640d\u5931 \u6216<\/em> \u640d\u58de\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5b83’\u5fc5\u9808\u8ce6\u4e88\u9019\u5169\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u610f\u7fa9’\u3002\u201d\u6cd5\u9662\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u63a1\u7528\u8f9b\u8f9b\u90a3\u63d0\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u6703\u5c07\u6709\u5f62\u640d\u5931\u8207\u6709\u5f62\u640d\u5bb3\u6df7\u70ba\u4e00\u8ac7\uff0c\u201c\u4e9e\u7279\u862d\u5927\u5f8b\u5e2b\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240 Arnall Golden Gregory \u7684 David J. Marmins \u548c Rebecca Lunceford Kolb<\/a> \u5beb\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n

\u8cd3\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\uff08University of Pennsylvania\uff09\u6559\u6388 \u6e6f\u59c6\u00b7\u8c9d\u514b\uff08Tom Baker<\/a>\uff09\u8b66\u544a\u8aaa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662fGavrilides\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5177\u5099\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u6240\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u8655\u7f6e\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n

\u201c\u9019\u4efd\u6295\u8a34\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4ee5\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u7684’\u7269\u7406\u640d\u5931\u6216\u640d\u58de’\u70ba\u7531\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u8faf\u7a31\u5b83\u5df2\u7d93\u95dc\u9589\u4e86\uff0c\u300c\u8c9d\u514b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e26\u7a31\u5176\u70ba\u300d\u539f\u544a\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u8a34\u72c0\u300d\u3002\n\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u95dc\u9589\u672a\u89f8\u767c\u640d\u5931\u6216\u640d\u5bb3\u4fdd\u96aa\u7684\u88c1\u6c7a\u8207\u672a\u767c\u751f\u640d\u5931\u6216\u640d\u5bb3\u7684\u88c1\u6c7a\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6cd5\u5b98\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e00\u4e8b\u5be6\u4f86\u5340\u5206\u4ed6\u5011\u9762\u524d\u7684\u7d22\u8ce0\u8207 Gavrilides \u958b\u5275\u7684\u5148\u4f8b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u5c0d COVID-19 \u8986\u84cb\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u56de\u61c9<\/h3>\n\n

\u5728\u6700\u521d\u7206\u767c\u540e\u7684\u5e7e\u5468\u5167\uff0c\u5e7e\u500b\u5dde\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a5f\u69cb\u53d7\u7406\u4e86\u8981\u6c42\u8ca1\u7522\u548c\u610f\u5916\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u652f\u4ed8\u8207 COVID-19 \u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5546\u696d\u4fdd\u96aa\u7d22\u8ce0\u7684\u6cd5\u6848\u3002\n\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6cd5\u6848\u751a\u81f3\u8a66\u5716\u8981\u6c42\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u8ffd\u6eaf\u652f\u4ed8\u9019\u4e9b\u7d22\u8ce0\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u5e7e\u9805\u6b64\u985e\u6cd5\u6848\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e2d\u592d\u6298\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u8d77\u8349\u548c\u5f15\u5165\u8db3\u4ee5\u5f15\u8d77 P&C \u4fdd\u96aa\u884c\u696d\u7684\u64d4\u6182\u3002\n\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u5c71 \uff08Clark Hill\uff09 \u7684\u4fdd\u96aa\u5f8b\u5e2b \u7f85\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u6258\u7c73\u723e\u68ee \uff08Robert Tomilson<\/a>\uff09 \u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u7684\u5c45\u5bb6\u4ee4\u63a8\u52d5\u4e86\u984d\u5916\u7684\u7d22\u8ce0\uff0c\u9019\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u9032\u5165\u98b6\u98a8\u5b63\u7bc0\u6642\u5c07\u4fdd\u96aa\u696d\u5132\u5099\u6e1b\u5c11\u5230\u5371\u96aa\u6c34\u6e96\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\u201c\u4eba\u5011\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5fd8\u8a18\u4fdd\u96aa\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u975e\u5e38\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u3002\u8a72\u884c\u696d\u8a08\u7b97\u4e86\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6578\u5343\u7a2e\u8077\u696d\u548c\u884c\u696d\u7684\u6578\u767e\u842c\u4eba\u548c\u4f01\u696d\u672a\u4f86\u906d\u53d7\u640d\u5bb3\u3001\u7834\u58de\u548c\u751f\u547d\u640d\u5931\u7684\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u201cTomilson \u6307\u51fa\u3002\n\u4fdd\u96aa\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u5728\u6578\u6708\u6216\u6578\u5e74\u5167\u8513\u5ef6\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u61f8\u800c\u672a\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

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\u5411\u524d\u770b\uff0c\u5411\u5167\u770b<\/h3>\n\n

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